2-5-1 The Art of Addition — Thin Film Deposition and ALD Mastery
Deposition builds chip conductive/insulating layers. PVD (physical sputtering, AMAT-led); CVD (gas chemical films); ALD (2nm processes, single-atom LBL, perfect 3D encap, boosts ASMI). Copper fill: Lam Research. AMAT 'King of Addition', ALD future core.